To explore the effect of different altitudes on the fruit quality of Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the high-quality cultivation of T. grandis ‘Merrillii’, fruits of T. grandis ‘Merrillii’ collected at 4 different altitudes (300, 600, 800 and 1 000 m) in a T. grandis ‘Merrillii’ production area were used as the research object, the appearance characters of the T. grandis ‘Merrillii’ fruit and its seed, and the nutritional properties of the seed were tested and analyzed through correlation analysis and principal component analysis with SPSS19.0. Meanwhile, a comprehensive evaluation model for fruit quality was established to make a comprehensive evaluation of T. grandis ‘Merrillii’ fruits from different altitudes. The results showed that: T. grandis ‘Merrillii’ fruit quality indicators as the fruit length, fruit diameter, seed weight, seed length, seed diameter, seed moisture percentage, oleic acid and so on showed extremely significant or significant positive correlations with the altitude, and the correlation coefficients of each were 0.832, 0.619, 0.637, 0.917, 0.622, 0.881 and 0.885, correspondingly; indicators as the kernel percentage, oil content, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid and eicosadienoic acid showed significant negative correlations with the altitude, and the correlation coefficients of each were﹣0.852,﹣0.780,﹣0.720,﹣0.708,﹣0.862 and﹣0.700, respectively; however, indicators as the fruit weight, karyotype index, nucleation rate, crude protein, linolenic acid, eicosenoic acid, etc.. showed no significant correlation with the altitude. Performing the principal component analysis, the comprehensive evaluation model of T.