Phytophthora nicotianae is a soil-borne phytopathogenic oomycete that causes tobacco black shank. In this study, the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with lateral flow dipstick (LFD) technology for the rapid and sensitivity detection of P. nicotianae was successful developed. The optimum amplification of RPA products was observed at 38 ℃ within 30 min without PCR thermal cycler. The primers YPT1F, YPT1R and probe YPT1-LFD-probe for RPA assay were designed based on the YPT1 gene, which showed high specificity to P. nicotianae. The limit of detection of RPA assay was 10 pg·μL^-1 genomic DNA, indicating that RPA has an equal sensitivity to that of conventional PCR. The establishment of RPA assay for the detection of P. nicotianae has the characteristics of rapidity, simpleness and practicality, which provides a new method for the rapid detection of P. nicotianae.