In order to explore the impact of exotic plants on plant communities in invasive areas, sample surveys and sampling analyses were carried out on the aboveground vegetation and soil seed banks in invasive and uninvaded areas of Solidago canadensis L.. Our results showed that: (1) Shannon-wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index of the aboveground vegetation of the invasion of Solidago canadensis were all lower than those of uninvaded sites, the invasion of Solidago canadensis was beneficial to Vicia, and Solidago canadensis became the dominant species. (2) Compared with uninvaded plots, the seed bank density of Solidago canadensis invasion plots decreased by 58.36%, and the invasion caused a significant decrease in seed density of 0 - 5 cm and 5 -10 cm soil layers, which decreased by 58.66% and 68.75%, respectively; Shannon-wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness index of the seed bank of the invasive area were significantly lower than those of the uninvaded soil in the shallow soil. (3) Perennial herbaceous plants dominated the soil seed banks in both invasive and uninvaded plots, but annual herbaceous plants in invasive plots was significantly lower than that in uninvaded plots. The deeper the soil layer, the lower the similarity between soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation. The similarity between soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation in each soil layer of the invaded land was higher than that of the uninvaded land. The study showed that the invasion of Solidago canadensis changed the structure of the plant community, reduced the diversity of the local plant community and the seed density and diversity of the soil seed bank, and adversely affected the vegetation restoration and reconstruction of the local plant community.