Eight one ITAO populations, 72 XO population and 65 wild oats were used to explore the excellent gene resources in oats. The multi-nutrition component of total flavonoid (TF), total phenol (TP), phytate (PHY), total soluble phosphorus (PI), ammonium (NH₂), total soluble protein (TSP) and agronomic characters of plant height (HP), spike length (SL), flag length(FL), flag width (FW), total tiller (TT), effective tiller (ET) and inter node length below spike (IL) were determined. The results showed that the variation coefficient of total phenol and tiller was the maximal with the greatest genetic diversity in populations. Correlation network analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited that there was a particularity between amino acid and flag leaf width and wild oat populations showed a strong natural advantage.