Reduction of forest resources is one of the important reasons for the regional biodiversity. Therefore, identification of factors affecting regional biodiversity in the forest landscape is crucial. Taking Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone as a case study area, 11 indices pertaining to the aspects of forest landscape quantity, quality and distribution were selected for evaluation. Correlation analysis, linear regression analysis and flexibility analysis were used to investigate the relationship between forest landscape indices and regional biodiversity. The results indicated that the indices chosen to represent forest landscapes were significantly correlated with the regional biodiversity (P＜0.05) except the average tree height. The forest density (the number per hectare) showed the highest correlation with regional biodiversity. Regional biodiversity was most sensitive to the average diameter at breast height, followed by forest landscape distribution equilibrium degree. The area of forestland had the lowest sensitivity to regional biodiversity. Multiple regression equation was established using the stepwise regression method and it showed that the sequence of indices affecting regional biodiversity follows by the growing stock volume, number per hectare, average diameter at breast height, forest landscape distribution equilibrium degree, and the area of forestland.