A study on characterization of grafted seedling of Camellia oleifera cultivars, Changling 3^#, 4^#, 18^#, 23^#, 27^#, 40^#, 53^# and 166^#, was carried out. The results showed that the grafted seedlings of the eight C. oleifera cultivars showed significant differences in the root volume, root surface area, root length, root biomass and other indicators after two-year growth. The maximum total length of roots was 1718.04 cm, three times longer than the minimum. The largest root surface area was 498.27 cm², 3.1 times of the smallest. The maximum root volume was 12.16 cm³, 3.2 times of the minimum. In addition to a few exceptions, a highly significant correlation was found between every two indexes. Comparing with different root levels, we made conclusions as follows: in the group of 0.0 < d ≤0.5 mm, the root was the longest; however, the root surface area and root volume were the minimum., while in the group of d > 2.0 mm, the root was the shortest, and the root surface area and root volume were the biggest.