利用微卫星标记分析5个山羊品种的遗传多样性和进化关系
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中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS13)和国家肉羊产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-39)共同资助。


Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of five goat breeds based on microsatellite markers
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    摘要:

    文登奶山羊、辽宁绒山羊和安徽白山羊分别为奶山羊、绒山羊和板皮用山羊的典型代表,利用微卫星标记对其进行遗传多样性检测。同时以波尔山羊作为对照,分析北京本地山羊与上述3个山羊品种的进化关系。结果显示,上述4个中国山羊品种的有效等位基因数(NEA)、Nei's无偏基因多样性(H)和等位基因丰富度(AR)分别为5.16~6.72、0.80~0.85和7.30~7.89,表明中国4个山羊品种具有丰富的遗传多样性。然而,杂合子缺失的结果提示波尔山羊和北京本地山羊品种内可能存在一定程度的近亲交配或人工选择。上述5种山羊品种间存在一定程度的遗传分化(FST=0.063),与之前报道的其他国家或地区的山羊结果类似。进化树和主成分分析显示,北京山羊与辽宁绒山羊遗传关系最近,与安徽白山羊的遗传关系较远,与文登奶山羊的遗传关系最远,这4个品种为进化的一个分支,而波尔山羊为另一个分支。该进化关系与产区气候条件和育种目标一致。

    Abstract:

    The genetic diversity of Wendeng dairy goats, Liaoning cashmere goats, and Anhui white goats, three typical types of Chinese goats (dairy type, cashmere type and leather type), was evaluated using microsatellite markers. Boer goats were chosen as the control. Meanwhile, Beijing goats were tested to analyze their genetic relationship with the aforementioned three types of goats. The results showed that the number of effective alleles (NEA), Nei's unbiased gene diversity (H), and allelic richness (AR) of four Chinese goat breeds were from 5.16 to 6.72, 0.80 to 0.85, and 7.30 to 7.89, respectively, indicating the rich genetic diversity in Chinese goats. However, the results of heterozygote deficit indicated that the inbreeding or artificial selection occurred in Boer and Beijing goats. Genetic differentiation between these breeds was moderate, with a mean FST value of 0.063, similar to some goat breeds in other areas. Phylogenetic tree and principal component analyses indicated that Beijing goats were grouped with Liaoning cashmere goats, then clustered with Anhui white goats, and finally with Wendeng dairy goats. Boer goats, nevertheless, had their own branch. The phylogenetic relationship was consistent with the climatic condition and breeding objective.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-12-05