The bending elasticity modulus (MOE), bending strength (MOR), proportional limit stress and strain, failure stress and strain, and toughness coefficient of rattan canes under different moisture contents (MC) were determined to explore the influence of MC on the bending properties of Calamus simplicifolius and Daemonorops margaritae rattan canes. Results showed that cane bending properties were closely related to its MC. Below the fiber-saturation point (FSP), the MOE and MOR declined significantly with increasing MC, thereafter the change was a little. The influence of MC on cane proportional limit stress was little, while the cane failure stress was great. Below the FSP, the failure stress reduced significantly with increasing MC, thereafter no obvious change was observed. In different MC, the proportional limit strain was relatively constant, but the failure deformation increased greatly with increasing MC. The influence of MC on the toughness index of D. margaritae cane was much bigger than that of C. simplicifolius cane; the more brittle the rattan cane was, the more significant influence was. It was suggested that increasing or fixing cane moisture could improve its bending performance and restrain its brittleness.