The treatment performances and impact factors of simulated wastewater containing copper using carboxymethyl chitosan-bentonite composite adsorbent were introduced. The results showed that the absorption equilibrium could reach 114.54 mg·g^-1 after 30 min at pH 6. The significant factors for the adsorption capacity was determined by the three-factors and three-levels center combination test design and response surface analysis, and among the factors, initial concentration played the most important role, then pH value and adsorption time in turn. By the optimization of adsorption process parameters, the optimum experimental condition is initial concentration of 33.00 mg·L^-1, pH value of 4, adsorption time for 25.00 min, and adsorption capacity is 111.81 mg·g^-1, which is consistent with the theoretical value.