A phosphorus bacteria named L-P₁ was separated in enriched phosphate soil from Zigong, Sichuan Province by plate method and detecting the available phosphorus in the culture, and then the strain was identified through biochemical characteristics and 16SrDNA sequence alignment. Its growth characteristics were also studied. The results showed that the bacterium is a Bacillus megaterium strain, and phosphate-dissolving ability was 5.3 μg·mg^-1, which was 60.6% higher than the control. And the ability to use sugar source was ranked as: Mannitol>sucrose>glucose>starch>lactose; the ability to use carbon source was ranked as: Sucrose> mannitol> glucose>starch>lactose; the ability to use nitrogen source was ranked as: Beef extract>ammonium sulfate> peptone> urea>potassium nitrate. The optimal condition for cultivation of L-P1 strain was at 28-32℃ and pH 7-8. Under this condition, the biomass of L-P₁ could reach the maximum after culture for 28 h.