Based on the field investigation, the secondary forest of Xianlin district was discussed by phytocoenology method. The results show that 60 species, belonging to 49 genera, 32 families were identified in this secondary forest, and the dominant family or genus is not significant, suggesting that the composition of the forest distributed unevenly. Among those 15 floristic elements, Pantropic and North Temperate accounted for 45.83%, 21.28% at the familial level and 33.33%, 19.51% at the generic level respectively; meanwhile, it indicates that the tropic element of community is not heavy, but it is characterized by the infiltration and transition between the tropical and temperate zones. The species distribution frequency show A＞B＜C＞D=E and A>B>C＞DQuercus serrata var. brevipetiolata, Broussonetia papyrifera, Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia and Pinus massoniana are the dominant populations in the tree layer, and their importance values are 16.10%, 12.79%, 9.31% and 9.20% respectively. Phyllostachys sp., Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata, Rosa multiflora, Symplocos paniculata and B. papyrifera are the dominant populations in the shrub layer. From the view point of main population’s size-class structure, Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata and B. papyrifera are the growing populations, and Pinus massoniana and Platycarya strobilacea are the diminishing populations. Finally, the authors hold that it should be of importance to strengthen the protection and utilization of these secondary forests which will play a significant role in the ecological construction of Xianlin district.