The activity of SOD(superoxide dismutase), the soluble protein content and the soluble sugar content of Camellia sinensis leaves under low temperature stress were studied．The results showed that the activities of SOD became lower at the beginning 2 days of cold stress and higher later on.After 10 days’ cold stress , the activity decreased. The soluble protein contents became lower at the beginning 2 days of cold stress and higher later on． At last the soluble protein contents became higher compared with the primitive level. The soluble sugar contents increased with cold stress all the time. According to the analysis of the physiological indexes, we preliminarily learnt the relationship between the physiological indexes and cold endurance.