侧耳菌原生质体融合子的子实体发育及遗传重组
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Fruit Body Development and Genetic Recombination of Somatic Hybrids by Protoplast Fusion in Basidiomycete Pleurotus
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    摘要:

    通过原生质体融合技术得到侧耳菌亲和与非亲和菌种的融合产物,亲和菌种间体细胞杂交得到异核体,而非亲和菌种杂交得到保留有双亲基因的结合体(核)。结合核子实体发育受光照、温度、营养及培养基的物理状态等因素影响。结合体不能形成初始融合菌落,但大多数成熟的子实体中存在锁状联合,与异核体相比,结合体具生长速率缓慢,有丝分裂阶段形成锁状联合及子实体发育不同步等特点。体细胞杂交后代可以分离到四种遗传型菌落:原养型、一种亲本营养缺陷型、另一亲本营养缺陷型及重组子营养缺陷型。一些结合体具备异常等位基因,说明在受体细胞染色体重排中有大片段随机整合位点。

    Abstract:

    Fusion products between compatible and incompatible species were obtained by protoplast fusion. The somatic hybrids of inter compatible species formed heterokaryons, while somatic hybrids of inter incompatible species formed synkaryons that retained genes from both parents. Fruit body development of synkaryons was influenced by several factors including light, temperature, nutritions, and physical states of the culture media. Clamp connections were present in most of mature fruit bodies though initial fusion colonies were lack. The synkaryons showed unique patterns compared with heterokaryons such as slow growth rate, clamp connection formation at mitosis, and asynchronous fruiting body. Four possible genotypes that were prototrophs, auxotroph of one parental type, auxotroph of the other parental type, and auxotrophic recombinants can be generated from progenies of somatic hybrids. Some synkaryons recovered non expected alleles, indicating that macrogenome was integrated into the random site of receipient chromosomes after genome reassortment.

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